Rottenburg,+Sam

Sam Rottenberg Recently in our society people want to have intercourse but not have the outcome of the process, a baby. Premarital sex has also become more popular in recent years among teens and college students compared to in the 50’s. Trends changing in the male/female reproductive systems include the care and cleanliness of the body parts. More people are using protection to prevent the spread of STI’s. The spread of these diseases have been limited. Another trend that has become more and more popular is a woman who can not become pregnant for whatever reason can have an ovum taken from her body and take a donors sperm and place to fertilized ovum back into her body. The reproductive systems are like "dominos" because if one part of the system does not work then the whole thing does not work. Also is a disease is untreated for a while then that can become like a “dominos” effect because this can lead a person to become sterile and not ever be able to produce an offspring.

Slide1: Paragard Sam Rottenberg

Mrs. Halpern Grade 12 Period 3

Slide 2: History of…  The ParaGard was first invented in 1970 by the Population Council and the Finishing Enterprises Inc. In 1984 the ParaGard was approved by the [|U.S. Food and Drug Administration] but was not distributed in the United States yet. Originally was approved for use up to four years. GynoPharma was the first to market the ParaGard in the United States in May of 1988. One year later the FDA approved the ParaGard to be used for up to six years and was extended again to eight years in 1991. In 1995 [|Ortho-McNeil] took over GynoPharma and continued the marketing. Then again the advertising and marketing changed hands in 2004 when the FEI Women's Health organization bought the patent for the ParaGard and purchased the marketing rights from its previous owner, Ortho-McNeil. In November, 2005 Duramed Pharmaceuticals, which it a division of Barr Pharmaceuticals bought out FEI Women's Health and the ParaGard.  Slide 3 – Classifications: Hormonal, Barrier, Behavioral, Sterilization, or other. Identify whether it’s Prescription or non-prescription. The ParaGard is an intrauterine device (IUD). To obtain a ParaGard a woman must make an appointment with their doctor to see if the IUD is right for her. The doctor will then test you using a pelvic exam. This is to make sure that no sexual internal organs arte infected. You will then be tested for STI’s, and if all tests are passed the doctor will schedule an insertion.

Slide 4: How it works The ParaGard is inserted into the uterus to reduce the chance of sperm and eggs uniting. So it impedes the development of the endometrium so implantation can not happen.

Slide 5: Where and How is it obtained/Cost:

To get a Paragard you need to make an appointment with a doctor. The doctor will decide if this type of birth control is right for you. This type of birth control is not as good for teens with smaller uteruses. The Paragard is not for all women. Once the doctor checks your medical history he will perform a pelvic examination to make sure all parts of the reproductive system, the vagina, cervix and other internal organs are okay. He/she will then test the woman for STI’s. If you are a good candidate for the Paragard then the doctor will schedule an insertion date. Once inserted after your next few menstruation cycles for should get checked by a doctor to make sure the IUD is still in place. It costs $175-500 for the exam, insertion and follow up visits. This is relatively cheap in the long run.

Slide 6 – Effectiveness: Perfect use/Typical use: 99.4 percent effective and only drops to 99.2% effective for typical use. There is not much of a difference because the Paragard is inserted and monitored by a doctor.

Slide 7- The ParaGard can be used by most women except teenagers because of the small uteruses. The doctor will make the decision if the paragard is right for you through a series of tests.

Slide 8-Advantages Highly effective and long lasting Can easily become pregnant soon after removal May decease menstrual blood loss and painful periods.

Slide 9- Disadvantages Having multiple partners or if you have an STI then the Paragard is not right for you Increased cramps and heavier and longer periods Increased chance of tubal infection leading to infertility If inserted when a women has sexually transmitted infections Rarely the wall of the uterus is punctured

[] [] [] Mrs. Halpner

Ultrasound Taken weeks 8-12,16-22, and 30-40 Done at a doctor’s office or at a hospital Looking for: major anatomical abnormalities or birth defects. Also used to show images of the baby, amniotic sac, placenta and ovaries

CVS Test Taken between 11 and 12 weeks of pregnancy, although can be taken as late as 13 weeks. Looking for: defects in chromosomal, abnormalities such as Down Syndrome and other genetic disorders Done at hospital

Glucose screening and tolerance test Taken between 24 and 28 weeks into pregnancy Done at doctors office but I’m sure it can be done at the hospital too. Looking for: Checks for gestational diabetes in the mother

Group B strep test Test is taken during weeks 27-31 or I also found between 35 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. Test can be administered at the hospital. Tests for rare group B strep in babies

Amniocentesis Taken weeks 16-20 Can be administered at the hospital Looking for: defects in chromosomal, abnormalities such as Down Syndrome and other genetic disorders